Abstract
<jats:p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome characterised by a rapid reduction in kidney function resulting in a failure to maintain fluid, electrolytes and acid–base homeostasis. The nutritional assessment and medical management of patients with AKI are closely linked and are dependent on the patient's clinical state. The aim of dietary management of people with AKI is to maintain nutritional status whilst limiting the complications of AKI. AKI has no effect on an individual's energy requirements. Where possible, energy requirements should be evaluated by indirect calorimetry. Fluid and electrolytes provision should be individualised and monitored according to blood biochemistry and fluid status. The chapter also considers other situations like nutrition support in AKI for those patients not on dialysis, not in critical care, with increased protein requirements. The evaluation of dietetic intervention will depend on the stage of AKI and on the metabolic process.</jats:p>