Abstract
<jats:p>The improvement of biogas production from organic waste is a key objective in sustainable waste management and renewable energy generation. In this study, cobalt ferrite nanoparticles [CoFe₂O₄-NPs] were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and evaluated as catalytic additives in a laboratory-scale anaerobic bioreactor. The effect of nanoparticle incorporation was assessed using 50 g of organic fruit waste in a 2.46 L prototype reactor. Biogas production was monitored over 48 h under natural solar irradiation. The control system generated 12 cm³ of biogas, whereas the addition of 0.5 mL and 1 mL of a 0.1 M nanoparticle dispersion increased production to 126.25 cm³ and 157.81 cm³, respectively. These values correspond to a 10.5–13.2-fold enhancement relative to the non-catalyzed condition. The results demonstrate a clear dose dependent catalytic effect and suggest that cobalt ferrite nanoparticles promote accelerated degradation of organic matter during anaerobic fermentation.</jats:p>